[79] Monuments plundered of their marble include the Tomb of Asif Khan, Tomb of Nur Jahan, the Shalimar Gardens were plundered of much of its marble and costly agate. Mehta, J.L. [38], Nader Shah's brief invasion of the Mughal Empire in early 1739 wrested control away from Zakariya Khan Bahadur. The same account attributes the founding of nearby Kasur to his twin brother Prince Kusha. He renovated large portions of the Lahore Fort with luxurious white marble and erected the iconic Naulakha Pavilion in 1633. The second Islamic Summit Conference was held in the city in 1974. [33], No definitive records exist to elucidate Lahore's earliest history, and Lahore's ambiguous early history have given rise to various theories about its establishment and history. [9] Lahore is a major center for Pakistan's publishing industry, and remains the foremost center of Pakistan's literary scene. Ripe mango varies in size and colour. While much of Lahore's Mughal era fabric lay in ruins by the time of his arrival, Ranjit Singh's army's plundered most of Lahore's most precious Mughal monuments, and stripped the white marble from several monuments to send to different parts of the Sikh Empire. [52] Lahore governor Malik Ikhtyaruddin Qaraqash fled the Mongols,[53] while the Mongols held the city for a few years under the rule of the Mongol chief Toghrul. The British also built neoclassical Montgomery Hall, which today serves as the Quaid-e-Azam Library. The mayor is directly elected in municipal elections every four years alongside 9 deputy town mayors. [124], There is a small number of Hindus living in Lahore. [16] By 1831, all Mughal Havelis in the Walled City had been encroached upon by the surrounding neighbourhood,[16] leading to the modern-day absence of any Mughal Havelis in Lahore. [108], Eight people were killed in the March 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team in Lahore. [16] During this period, Lahore was closely tied to smaller market towns known as qasbahs, such as Kasur and Eminabad, as well as Amritsar, and Batala in modern-day India, which in turn, linked to supply chains in villages surrounding each qasbah. The gardens follow the familiar charbagh layout of four squares, with three descending terraces. Members of Lahore Qalandars team in jubilation after beating Multan Sultans to seal a final berth in Pakistan Super League on Monday. [89] The British also used older structures to house municipal offices, such as the Civil Secretariat, Public Works Department, and Accountant General's Office.[90]. [16] In 1606, Jehangir's rebel son Khusrau Mirza laid siege to Lahore after obtaining the blessings of the Sikh Guru Arjan Dev. [18] Two-thirds of shops, and 80% of Lahore's factories belonged to the Hindu and Sikh community. Find Laiba multiple name meanings and name pronunciation in English, Arabic and Urdu. Lahore's main public transportation system is operated by the Lahore Transport Company (LTC) and Punjab Mass Transit Authority (PMTA). LAHORE, July 7 -- Another victim of the Data Darbar suicide attack passed away in Mayo Hospital, while a policeman deputed at the hospital warned the relatives of … Learn more. [168] The popular Mela Chiraghan festival in Lahore takes place at the shrine of Madho Lal Hussain, while other large urs take place at the shrines of Bibi Pak Daman, and at the Shrine of Mian Mir. [18] Following the success of the Pakistan Movement and subsequent independence in 1947, Lahore was declared capital of Pakistan's Punjab province. The Lahore Museum and Mayo School of Industrial Arts were both established around this in this style.[94]. [18] On 17 August 1947, Lahore was awarded to Pakistan on the basis of its Muslim majority in the 1941 census, and was made capital of the Punjab province in the new state of Pakistan. [123], According to the 1998 census, 94% of Lahore's population is Muslim, up from 60% in 1941. Because of Mongol invasions, Lahore region had become a city on a frontier, with the region's administrative centre shifted south to Dipalpur. [38], In an alliance with local Khokhars in 1223, Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu of the Khwarazmian dynasty of modern-day Uzbekistan captured Lahore after fleeing Genghis Khan's invasion of Khwarazm. [122] There is also a small but longstanding Zoroastrian community. [16] Lahore's Mughal monuments were built under Akbar's reign of several emperors,[16] and Lahore reached its cultural zenith during this period, with dozens of mosques, tombs, shrines, and urban infrastructure developed during this period. The Shalimar Gardens were laid out during the reign of Shah Jahan and were designed to mimic the Islamic paradise of the afterlife described in the Qur'an. Free Online Dictionary- Find multi language dictionaries with English words meaning & translation definition, antonyms & synonyms at HamariWeb.com. The record low is -5.8C (21F), recorded on 17 January 2013. Jahangir's son, Shah Jahan reigned between 1628 and 1658 and was born in Lahore in 1592. [37] Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang gave a vivid description of a large and prosperous unnamed city when he visited the region in 630 CE that may have been Lahore. [122][173], Lahore remains a major tourist destination in Pakistan. Lahore reached the height of its splendour under the Mughal Empire between the late 16th and early 18th century, and served as its capital city for a number of years. [38], Expanding Sikh Misls secured control over Lahore in 1767, when the Bhangi Misl state captured the city. (page 87), resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan, invasion of the Mughal Empire in early 1739, 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team, National Museum of Science and Technology, List of educational institutions in Lahore, College of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences, PakTurk International Schools and Colleges, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, University of Management and Technology (Lahore), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, List of largest cities in Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member countries, "Paris of the East? [38] The Durranis invaded two more times, while the Sikhs would re-occupy the city after both invasions. There are always several meanings of each word in English, the correct meaning of Androon Shehar in English is Downtown, and in Urdu we write it اندرون شہر. Lahore Junction Station serves as the main railway station for Lahore, and serves as a major hub for all Pakistan Railway services in northern Pakistan. [128][129] Several Lahore based prominent educational leaders, researchers, and social commentators demand that Punjabi language should be declared as the medium of instruction at the primary level and official use in Punjab assembly, Lahore. Lahore Badami Bagh Bus Terminal serves as a hub for intercity bus services in Lahore, served by multiple bus companies providing a comprehensive network of services in Punjab and neighboring provinces. 1998. Androon Shehar اندرون شہر Meaning in English - Find the correct meaning of Androon Shehar in English, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from Urdu to English. Structures were built predominantly in the Indo-Gothic style – a syncretic architectural style that blends elements of Victorian and Islamic architecture, or in the distinct Indo-Saracenic style. The hottest month is May where temperatures routinely exceed 42C (107F). [38], Durrani rule was briefly interrupted by the Maratha Empire's capture of Lahore in 1758 under Raghunathrao, who drove out the Afghans,[68] while a combined Sikh-Maratha defeated an Afghan assault in the 1759 Battle of Lahore. Sterling Publishers Pvt. THE Durbar held on the 17th October at Lahore was not a great political event, but it was a most striking ceremonial, one which had it occurred in any other country of earth would have been described by a dozen special correspondents, commented on … It can be yellow ,orange , red or green when ripe. Lahore's jail was used by the British to imprison independence activists such as Jatin Das, and was also where Bhagat Singh was hanged in 1931. [38], Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni captured Lahore on an uncertain date, but under Ghaznavid rule, Lahore emerged effectively as the empire's second capital. Many of Lahore's dozens of Sufi shrines hold annual festivals called urs to honor their respective saints. With Of To By. The plains between the settlements also contained the remains of Mughal gardens, tombs, and Sikh-era military structures. Laiba Name Meaning is Gorgeous, Pretty, A beautiful Hoor Of Heaven. [80][66] Ranjit Singh's army also desecrated the Badshahi Mosque by converting it into an ammunition depot and a stable for horses. [16], Shah Jahan's son, and last of the great Mughal Emperors, Aurangzeb, further contributed to the development of Lahore. This is at par with Pakistan's economic hub, Karachi, with Lahore (having half the population) fostering an economy that is 51% of the size of Karachi's ($78 billion in 2008). The same scenario occurred in 2019 as well. [18] Hindus and Sikhs began to leave the city en masse as their hopes that the Boundary Commission to award the city to India came to be regarded as increasingly unlikely. Ltd. p. 260. The third marathon was held on 14 January 2007. A confederation of Hindu princes then unsuccessfully laid siege to Lahore in 1043-44 during Ayaz' rule. [66] Sher Singh raised an army that attacked Chand Kaur's forces in Lahore on 14 January 1841. Another example is the Bagh-e-Jinnah, a 141-acre (57 ha) botanical garden that houses entertainment and sports facilities as well as a library. Lahore played an important role in the independence movements of both India[96] and Pakistan. Said Khan was removed from power in 1500 by Sikandar Lodi, and Lahore came under the governorship of Daulat Khan Lodi, son of Tatar Khan and former employer of Guru Nanak – founder of the Sikh faith. The Orange Line Metro Train is an automated rapid transit system in Lahore. Lahore is Pakistan's largest producer of professionals in the fields of science, technology, IT, law, engineering, medicine, nuclear sciences, pharmacology, telecommunication, biotechnology and microelectronics, nanotechnology and the only future hyper high-tech center of Pakistan. Importance of international business essay, case study on materials science? [84] Lahore's posh Model Town was established as a "garden town" suburb in 1921, while Krishan Nagar locality was laid in the 1930s near The Mall and Walled City. [66] Duleep Singh was then crowned Maharajah, with Hira Singh as his Wazir, but his power would be weakened by continued infighting among Sikh nobles,[66] as well as confrontations against the British during the two Anglo-Sikh Wars, After the conclusion of the two Anglo-Sikh wars, the Sikh empire fell into disarray, resulting in the fall of the Lahore Durbar, and commencement of British rule after they captured Lahore and the wider Punjab Region. [18] Carnage ensued in which all three religious groups were both victims and perpetrators. pp. He sat, in defiance of municipal orders, astride the gun Zam Zammah on her brick platform opposite the old Ajaib-Gher - the Wonder House, as the natives call the, True, he knew the wonderful walled city of, 'Is it true that there are many images in the Wonder House of, This man was entirely new to all his experience, and he meant to investigate further, precisely as he would have investigated a new building or a strange festival in, Therefore Mahbub had avoided halting at the insalubrious city of Peshawur, and had come through without stop to, He seemed half mad and told me that the body of a scene-shifter had been found hanging in the third cellar under the stage, between a farm-house and a scene from the Roi de, (for officers in the army and navy), he returned at the age of seventeen to India, where he first did strenuous editorial work on newspapers in, Chatterjee, a political exile who had formerly served in the British-Indian aeronautic park at, The commissioner said that different empty areas of, Pakistan Tehrik-i-Insaf (PTI) is all set to participate actively in the general election 2018 from allover Pakistan and espcially from its main bettle ground of, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, AB de Villiers confirms Pakistan visit for PSL 2019, PHF calls 41 Jr players for physical conditioning camp, Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board, Lahore Cantonment Cooperative Housing Society, Lahore School of Economics Association of Debaters. 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